Impact of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic on the treatment of psoriasis with systemic therapies in France: results from the PSOBIOTEQ cohort

Background The nature of the COVID-19 pandemic led to concerns among patients and physicians about the potential impact of immunosuppressive treatments for chronic diseases such as psoriasis on the risk of severe COVID-19. Objectives To describe treatment modifications and determine the incidence of COVID-19 infection among psoriasis patients during the first wave of the pandemic, and identify the factors associated with these events. Methods Data from PSOBIOTEQ cohort relating to the first COVID-19 wave in France (March to June, 2020), as well as a patient-centred COVID-19 questionnaire, were used to evaluate the impact of lockdown on changes (discontinuations, delays or reductions) in systemic therapies, and to determine the incidence of COVID-19 cases among these patients. Logistic regression models were used to assess associated factors. Results Among the 1751 respondents (89.3%), 282 patients (16.9%) changed their systemic treatment for psoriasis, with 46.0% of these changes being initiated by the patients themselves. Patients were more likely to experience psoriasis flare-ups during the first wave if they changed their treatment during this period (58.7% vs 14.4%;P<0.0001). Changes to systemic therapies were less frequent among patients with cardiovascular diseases (P<0.001), and those aged ≥65 years (P=0.02). Overall, 45 patients (2.9%) reported having COVID-19, and eight (17.8%) required hospitalization. Risk factors for COVID-19 infection were close contact with a positive case (P<0.001) and living in a region with a high incidence of COVID-19 (P<0.001). Factors associated with a lower risk of COVID-19 were avoiding seeing a physician (P=0.002), systematically wearing a mask during outings (P=0.011) and being a current smoker (P=0.046). Conclusions Discontinuation of systemic psoriasis treatments during the first COVID-19 wave (16.9%) – mainly decided by patients themselves (46.0%) – was associated with a higher incidence of disease flares (58.7% vs 14.4%). This observation and factors associated with a higher risk of COVID-19 highlight the need to maintain and adapt patient–physician communication during health crises according to patient profiles, with the aim of avoiding unnecessary treatment discontinuations and ensuring that patients are informed about the risk of infection and the importance of complying with hygiene rules.

Impact of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic on the treatment of psoriasis with systemic therapies in France: Results from the PSOBIOTEQ cohort.

BACKGROUND: The nature of the COVID-19 pandemic led to concerns among patients and physicians about the potential impact of immunosuppressive treatments for chronic diseases such as psoriasis on the risk of severe COVID-19. OBJECTIVES: To describe treatment modifications and determine the incidence of COVID-19 infection among psoriasis patients during the first wave of the pandemic, and identify the factors associated with these events. METHODS: Data from PSOBIOTEQ cohort relating to the first COVID-19 wave in France (March to June, 2020), as well as a patient-centred COVID-19 questionnaire, were used to evaluate the impact of lockdown on changes (discontinuations, delays or reductions) in systemic therapies, and to determine the incidence of COVID-19 cases among these patients. Logistic regression models were used to assess associated factors. RESULTS: Among the 1751 respondents (89.3%), 282 patients (16.9%) changed their systemic treatment for psoriasis, with 46.0% of these changes being initiated by the patients themselves. Patients were more likely to experience psoriasis flare-ups during the first wave if they changed their treatment during this period (58.7% vs 14.4%; P < 0.0001). Changes to systemic therapies were less frequent among patients with cardiovascular diseases (P < 0.001), and those aged ≥ 65 years (P = 0.02). Overall, 45 patients (2.9%) reported having COVID-19, and eight (17.8%) required hospitalization. Risk factors for COVID-19 infection were close contact with a positive case (P < 0.001) and living in a region with a high incidence of COVID-19 (P < 0.001). Factors associated with a lower risk of COVID-19 were avoiding seeing a physician (P = 0.002), systematically wearing a mask during outings (P = 0.011) and being a current smoker (P = 0.046). CONCLUSIONS: Discontinuation of systemic psoriasis treatments during the first COVID-19 wave (16.9%) - mainly decided by patients themselves (46.0%) - was associated with a higher incidence of disease flares (58.7% vs 14.4%). This observation and factors associated with a higher risk of COVID-19 highlight the need to maintain and adapt patient-physician communication during health crises according to patient profiles, with the aim of avoiding unnecessary treatment discontinuations and ensuring that patients are informed about the risk of infection and the importance of complying with hygiene rules.

Réactions cutanées retardées après vaccination contre le SARS-CoV-2 : étude CoVacskin

Introduction: Depuis 2020, environ 12 milliards de doses de vaccins contre le SARS-CoV-2 ont été administrées. Des réactions cutanées retardées localisées ou généralisées ont été rapportées avec une fréquence de près de 2 % après la 1re dose et un risque de récidive de 20 %. Le but de cette étude était de colliger l'expérience française. Matériel et méthodes: De mai à septembre 2021, la SFD a lancé un appel à cas afin de recueillir les réactions cutanées localisées retardées (> 4 jours (j) après l'injection) et généralisées (> 4 h après l'injection) (étude CoVacskin, No APP-2021-17). Un questionnaire standardisé permettait de recueillir antécédents, type de vaccin, numéro de l'injection, type de réaction (liste de diagnostics prédéfinis), traitement et délai de rémission de la réaction. Les photographies et comptes-rendus histologiques étaient analysés par le comité scientifique. Les biopsies étaient relues par 3 dermatopathologistes. Résultats: Au total, 194 cas ont été recueillis pour 192 patients dont 121 femmes, âge médian 54 ans. Ces réactions survenaient dans 88 % après un vaccin de type ARN. Pour 135 cas la réaction cutanée survenait après la 1re dose. Le délai médian injection-réaction était de 2,6 j. Quarante-huit réactions localisées retardées (24,7 %) étaient rapportées et 146 réactions généralisées sans réaction localisée (75,3 %), incluant urticaires ou angioedèmes, eczémas, exanthèmes maculopapuleux, purpura, réactions au produit de comblement, livedos, pseudo-engelures et 66 cas classés « autres » La relecture des photographies confirmait le diagnostic proposé par le clinicien pour 49/66 « autres ». Parmi les 17 cas restants, 2 tableaux anatomocliniques spécifiques ont été identifiés (13 avec biopsies cutanées disponibles): chez 5 patients, le tableau « Syndrome de Sweet-like » associait des lésions cliniques évocatrices de syndrome de Sweet (SS), un bilan étiologique négatif et histologiquement un SS « classique » ou histiocytoïde. Le deuxième tableau, chez 7 patients, jamais décrit antérieurement, nommé « Covid-arm multiples » était caractérisé par de multiples plaques inflammatoires et une histologie identique aux lésions cutanées localisées type « Covid-arm » (infiltrat péri-vasculaire et interstitiel de lymphocytes et éosinophiles, spongiose). Le délai de guérison moyen était de 21,4 j, spontanément dans 24,2 %. Une nouvelle injection de vaccin était administrée dans 117 cas, le plus souvent sans récidive (67,5 %). Discussion: Cette étude confirme les données de la littérature avec des réactions cutanées retardées prédominant chez les femmes, surtout après la 1ère dose, en majorité généralisées, hétérogènes, mais le plus souvent bénignes, incluant deux tableaux anatomocliniques originaux. Ces réactions étaient résolutives souvent en moins d'un mois, récidivaient peu, et ne contre-indiquaient donc pas la poursuite du schéma vaccinal.

Les engelures observées au printemps 2020 sont-elles liées à l’infection par le SARS-CoV-2 ?

Objectif Les lésions acrales, principalement les engelures, sont les lésions cutanées les plus fréquemment décrites comme étant associées à la COVID-19. Seront présentées les différentes études rapportant des manifestations acrales survenues durant l’épidémie. Les résultats et arguments en faveur et contre le rôle direct de l’infection seront discutés. Résultats Fin novembre 2020 ont été publiés plus de 140 articles sur ce sujet. La Société française de dermatologie a mené une étude (COVIDSKIN) à partir de fin mars 2020 appelant les dermatologues à rapporter les cas de manifestations cutanées chez des patients ayant une infection COVID-19 suspectée ou confirmée via un questionnaire standardisé. Sur les 492 cas recueillis 311 concernaient des manifestations acrales. Les lésions étaient des engelures dans 82 % des cas. L’âge médian des patients était de 25,7 ans, aucun signe infectieux n’était présent chez la moitié d’entre eux. Seuls 6 % des patients testés (7/121) avaient une PCR SARS-CoV-2 positive et 7 % (5/75) une sérologie positive en IgG. Les résultats de 24 études rapportant plus de 10 patients ont été colligés. Ces études rapportaient un total de 1330 cas. Les patients ne présentaient aucun signe infectieux ou des signes mineurs. L’âge médian était de 17 ans. La PCR et la sérologie (IgG) SARS-CoV-2 étaient positives dans respectivement 8,5 % (25/293) et 12 % (59/492) des cas. Les caractéristiques des patients pour les antécédents d’engelures, ou de maladies auto-immunes, la fréquence et la nature des anomalies immunologiques et les images histologiques de biopsie cutanée, étaient comparables à celles décrites dans les engelures avant l’épidémie de COVID-19. Discussion Plusieurs hypothèses ont émergé pour expliquer l’absence de signes infectieux et la négativité des tests biologiques PCR et sérologies. Ces engelures plus fréquentes qu’habituellement ont pu être favorisées par l’inactivité et la marche pied nu. Une autre hypothèse serait que les engelures surviendraient dans le cadre d’une réponse immunitaire particulière chez ces sujets jeunes possiblement via une sécrétion d’interféron par analogie avec les interferonopathies dans lesquelles des engelures sont observées.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children with psoriasis.

BACKGROUND: Children with psoriasis may have been directly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and their illness may also have affected their ability to follow preventive measures. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children with psoriasis. METHODS: A survey of children (<18 years) with psoriasis, conducted from June 10 to June 29, 2020. RESULTS: In total, 92 children were included: 71.7% had psoriasis lesions at the time of home lockdown while 45.2% were receiving systemic treatments, and two contracted COVID-19. During lockdown, psoriasis worsened in 47.3% of the children and 18.8% stopped their systemic treatments, mainly for reasons linked to the pandemic. A total of 41.3% had a consultation for psoriasis during lockdown (71.1% by teleconsultation): 39.5% due to worsening of their psoriasis and 21.1% for pandemic-related issues. Among patients not having a consultation during lockdown, 27.5% had a cancellation by the doctor and 9.3% had concerns over going to see the doctor. Finally, 22.8% of patients reported finding it difficult to respect hygiene measures because of their psoriasis, e.g., application of alcohol-based hand sanitizers (47.6%), handwashing routines (42.9%), and wearing a mask (28.6%). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates the major clinical impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children with psoriasis. Teleconsultations played a key role in patient management as regards patient monitoring, provision of information, and renewal of treatments. It is vital that we learn from these data to improve and adapt the monitoring of chronic dermatoses in both children and adults in the event of a future health crisis.

Psychological and professional impact of COVID-19 lockdown on French dermatologists: Data from a large survey.

AIM: To evaluate the extent to which COVID-19-related lockdown affected dermatologists. METHODS: An anonymous online survey was proposed to all French dermatologists and dermatology residents to assess the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on their professional activity, their level of stress and their psychological state, as well as their coping strategies. RESULTS: Exactly 800 dermatologists completed the survey. The respondents noted changes in behaviour in their professional and personal environment. The number of cancelled or rescheduled appointments was very high, with a huge financial impact for private practitioners. Stigmatisation was also reported. Anxiety and a feeling of increased stress were very frequent. Increased substance use was also reported. CONCLUSION: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown was significant for French dermatologists, with risks to their own health, profound changes in their practice, and financial and psychological impact, but also the development of new consultation and evaluation strategies to improve their work-life balance.

Most chilblains observed during the COVID-19 outbreak occur in patients who are negative for COVID-19 on polymerase chain reaction and serology testing.

BACKGROUND: Acral lesions, mainly chilblains, are the most frequently reported cutaneous lesions associated with COVID-19. In more than 80% of patients tested, nasopharyngeal swabs were negative on reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for SARS-CoV-2 when performed, and serology was generally not performed. METHODS: A national survey was launched on 30 March 2020 by the French Society of Dermatology asking physicians to report cases of skin manifestations in patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 by using a standardized questionnaire. We report the results for acral manifestations. RESULTS: We collected 311 cases of acral manifestations [58.5% women, median age 25.7 years (range 18-39)]. The most frequent clinical presentation (65%) was typical chilblains. In total, 93 cases (30%) showed clinical suspicion of COVID-19, 67 (22%) had only less specific infectious symptoms and 151 (49%) had no clinical signs preceding or during the course of acral lesions. Histology of skin biopsies was consistent with chilblains. Overall, 12 patients showed significant immunological abnormalities. Of the 150 (48%) patients who were tested, 10 patients were positive. Seven of 121 (6%) RT-PCR-tested patients were positive for SARS-CoV-2, and five of 75 (7%) serology-tested patients had IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2. Tested/untested patients or those with/without confirmed COVID-19 did not differ in age, sex, history or acral lesion clinical characteristics. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this survey do not rule out that SARS-CoV-2 could be directly responsible for some cases of chilblains, but we found no evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the large majority of patients with acral lesions during the COVID-19 lockdown period in France. What is already known about this topic? About 1000 cases of acral lesions, mainly chilblains, were reported during the COVID-19 outbreak. Chilblains were reported to occur in young people within 2 weeks of infectious signs, which were mild when present. Most cases did not have COVID-19 confirmed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and few serology results were available. What does this study add? Among 311 patients with acral lesions, mainly chilblains, during the COVID-19 lockdown period in France, the majority of patients tested had no evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Overall, 70 of 75 patients were seronegative for SARS-Cov-2 serology and 114 of 121 patients were negative for SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR.